NUTRIENTS CONTINUED

PROTEINS
Proteins contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Proteins are made up of aminoacids. Each unit of amino acids has an amino group and a carboxylic group. Some of these amino acids are essential because the body cannot synthesize them, the rest of the amino acids are readily synthesized by the body.
Proteins perform many important functions in the body some of which are:
1. They are neded to manufacture new tissues and to replace worn out tissues
2. They are needed for enzymes and hormones secretion
3. Pregnant women need proteins to build up the foetus and the foetal membrane
4. Excess protein is broken down and the amino acids are deaminated to be used as souce of energy

FATS AND OILS
These nutrients are made up of fatty acids and glycerols. The only difference between these two nutrients is that fats are solids at room temperature while oils are liquids.
Fats and oils perform the following functions in the body:
1. They are oxidized to yield energy
2. Some fatty acids such as linolenic acid and arachidonic acids are essential for the development of smooth skin and glossy hair
3. Some fat containing compounds called phospholipids are essential component of cell membranes
4 They function as solvent for the fat soluble vitamins
5. Fats help in insulation and conservation of body heat.